Mechanisms of Evolution

The father of evolution Charles Darwin had a belief that the offspring of something being caused by the existence of a marriage which has always varied. This variation is what allows the process of natural selection. Nature will select and the only variant to suit any environment that will last. In the days of Charles Darwin has been no information about the occurrence of genetic variation. Fortunately the father of genetics Gregor Johann Mendel (1865) suggests a very wonderful invention that is derived factors (genes), and also the father of Hugo de Vries (1886) who proposed the theory of mutation. Both the opinion of the experts is that further strengthens the theory of evolution.

Because the opinion described above, then known to cause the emergence of variations caused by two factors:

1. Mutations of genes
2. Recombination genes in the new offspring 

1. Mutations of genes 

Mutations can be caused by outside forces such as radiation or certain chemical substances that are mutagenic, or can also be caused by the actor in which occur spontaneously due to errors during replication. Most mutations are random processes, and can be fatal if the changes are not adaftif. There are also neutral, does not affect the adaptation of living creatures to their environment. there are some mutations that are beneficial organisms that mutations can affect the direction of evolution (as it can be passed on to subsequent offspring).

Gene mutations may also be caused by several pairs of nucleotide substitutions in DNA molecules.

However, this factor can not be predicted with certainty, causing the numbers of certain species mutation rate is generally very low but constant.

Although the possibility of mutation is very small, but the movement is a very important mechanism of evolution because several reasons.

• Each gamete contains thousands of genes 
• Each individual is able to generate a lot of gametes in a generation 
• Significantly the number of generations of a species for species that still exist.

As the sentence saying "little by little for long so the hill". Although the possibility of gene mutation is very small but it takes place in a long time will eventually be great as well.

While mutations are harmful mutations that cause death before adulthood caused by the onset of lethal genes. The effect of this lethal gene will appear when the individual is homozygous and has no effect for individuals who are heterozygous. This means that there remains lethal gene in the population.

 

2. Recombination genes in the new offspring 
Genetic recombination takes place through marriage. Offspring of the marriage will inherit half of the number of chromosomes chromosome male parent (father) and half of chromosome female parent (mother). Blend / combination of both the nature of the legacy of both parents is likely to lead to the emergence of new properties either genotife, fenotife and different from its parent. As a result new variation emerges.
 
Hopefully useful and can be used as a study guide biology